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The rate and pathways of relaxation of a magnetic medium to its equilibriumfollowing excitation with intense and short laser pulses are the keyingredients of ultrafast optical control of spins. Here we study experimentallythe evolution of the magnetization and magnetic anisotropy of thin films of aferromagnetic metal galfenol (Fe$_{0.81}$Ga$_{0.19}$) resulting from excitationwith a femtosecond laser pulse. From the temporal evolution of the hysteresisloops we deduce that the magnetization $M_S$ and magnetic anisotropy parameters$K$ recover within a nanosecond, and the ratio between $K$ and $M_S$ satisfiesthe thermal equilibrium's power law in the whole time range spanning from a fewpicoseconds to 3 nanoseconds. We further use the experimentally obtainedrelaxation times of $M_S$ and $K$ to analyze the laser-induced precession anddemonstrate how they contribute to its frequency evolution at the nanosecondtimescale.

Effect of magnetic anisotropy relaxation on laser-induced magnetization precession in thin galfenol films