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SmO thin film is a new Kondo system showing a resistivity upturn around 10 Kand was theoretically proposed to have a topologically nontrivial bandstructure. We have performed hard x-ray and soft x-ray photoemissionspectroscopy to elucidate the electronic structure of SmO. From the Sm 3$d$core-level spectra, we have estimated the valence of Sm to be $\sim$2.96,proving that the Sm has a mixed valence. The valence-band photoemission spectraexhibit a clear Fermi edge originating from the Sm 5$d$-derived band. Thepresent finding is consistent with the theory suggesting a possible topologicalstate in SmO and show that rare-earth monoxides or their heterostructures canbe a new playground for the interplay of strong electron correlation andspin-orbit coupling.

Hard and soft x-ray photoemission spectroscopy study of the new Kondo system SmO thin film