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The femtosecond magnetization dynamics of a thin cobalt film excited withultrashort laser pulses has been studied using two complementary pump-probetechniques, namely spin-, energy- and time-resolved photoemission andtime-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Combining the two methods it ispossible to identify the microscopic electron spin-flip mechanisms responsiblefor the ultrafast macroscopic magnetization dynamics of the cobalt film. Inparticular, we show that electron-magnon excitation does not affect the overallmagnetization even though it is an efficient spin-flip channel on the sub-200fs timescale. Instead we find experimental evidence for the relevance ofElliott-Yafet type spin-flip processes for the ultrafast demagnetization takingplace on a time scale of 300 fs.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted by Physical Review Letter

Spin-Flip Processes and Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics in Co: Unifying the Microscopic and Macroscopic View of Femtosecond Magnetism