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Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ru-$L_{2,3}$ edge we reveal thatthe Ru$^{4+}$ ions remain in the $S$=1 spin state across the rare 4d-orbitalordering transition and spin-gap formation. We find using local spin densityapproximation + Hubbard U (LSDA+U) band structure calculations that the crystalfields in the low temperature phase are not strong enough to stabilize the$S$=0 state. Instead, we identify a distinct orbital ordering with asignificant anisotropy of the antiferromagnetic exchange couplings. We concludethat La$_{4}$Ru$_{2}$O$_{10}$ appears to be a novel material in which theorbital physics drives the formation of spin-singlet dimers in a quasi2-dimensional $S$=1 system.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, and 1 tabl

physical review letters

Orbitally Driven Spin-Singlet Dimerization in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>La</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Ru</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>

Orbitally Driven Spin-Singlet Dimerization inS=1La4Ru2O10