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New scaling behavior has been both predicted and observed in the spontaneousproduction of fluxons in quenched $Nb-Al/Al_{ox}/Nb$ annular Josephson tunneljunctions as a function of the quench time, $\tau_{Q}$. The probability $f_{1}$to trap a single defect during the N-S phase transition clearly follows anallometric dependence on $\tau_{Q}$ with a scaling exponent $\sigma = 0.5$, aspredicted from the Zurek-Kibble mechanism for {\it realistic} JTJs formed bystrongly coupled superconductors. This definitive experiment replaces onereported by us earlier, in which an idealised model was used that predicted$\sigma = 0.25$, commensurate with the then much poorer data. Our experimentremains the only condensed matter experiment to date to have measured a scalingexponent with any reliability.Comment: Four pages, one figur

physical review letters

Zurek-Kibble Mechanism for the Spontaneous Vortex Formation in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Nb</mml:mi><mml:mtext mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mtext><mml:mi>Al</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>Al</mml:mi><mml:mi>ox</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>Nb</mml:mi></mml:math>Josephson Tunnel Junctions: New Theory and Experiment

Zurek-Kibble Mechanism for the Spontaneous Vortex Formation inNb−Al/Alox/NbJosephson Tunnel Junctions: New Theory and Experiment