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We investigate the heating of the quasi-free electrons in large rare gasclusters (N exceeding 10^5 atoms) by short laser pulses at moderate intensities(I~10^{15} Wcm^{-2}). We identify elastic large-angle backscattering ofelectrons at ionic cores in the presence of a laser field as an efficientheating mechanism resembling the Fermi shuttle. Its efficiency as well as theeffect of collective electron motion, electron-impact ionization and clustercharging, are studied employing a mean-field classical transport simulation.Results for the absolute x-ray yields are in surprisingly good quantitativeagreement with recent experimental results.Comment: 5 pages,4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Laser-Cluster Interaction: X-Ray Production by Short Laser Pulses