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We report on the magnetic, thermodynamic and optical properties of thequasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets TiOCl and TiOBr, which have beendiscussed as spin-Peierls compounds. The observed deviations from canonicalspin-Peierls behavior, e.g. the existence of two distinct phase transitions,have been attributed previously to strong orbital fluctuations. This can beruled out by our optical data of the orbital excitations. We show that thefrustration of the interchain interactions in the bilayer structure gives riseto incommensurate order with a subsequent lock-in transition to a commensuratedimerized state. In this way, a single driving force, the spin-Peierlsmechanism, induces two separate transitions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Zero-Field Incommensurate Spin-Peierls Phase with Interchain Frustration in TiOCl