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In the 1987 spin retrodiction puzzle of Vaidman, Aharonov, and Albert one ischallenged to ascertain the values of $\sigma_x$, $\sigma_y$, and $\sigma_z$ ofa spin-1/2 particle by utilizing entanglement. We report the experimentalrealization of a quantum-optical version in which the outcome of anintermediate polarization projection is inferred by exploiting single-photontwo-qubit quantum gates. The experimental success probability is consistentlyabove the 90.2% threshold of the optimal one-qubit strategy, with an averagesuccess probability of 95.6%.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; final version with new title and new abstract; to  appear in Physical Review Letter

physical review letters

Ascertaining the Values of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi><mml:mi>y</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi><mml:mi>z</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>of a Polarization Qubit

Ascertaining the Values ofσx,σy, andσzof a Polarization Qubit