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The physical mechanisms for damage formation in graphite films induced byfemtosecond laser pulses are analyzed using a microscopic electronic theory. Wedescribe the nonequilibrium dynamics of electrons and lattice by performingmolecular dynamics simulations on time-dependent potential energy surfaces. Weshow that graphite has the unique property of exhibiting two distinct laserinduced structural instabilities. For high absorbed energies (> 3.3 eV/atom) wefind nonequilibrium melting followed by fast evaporation. For low intensitiesabove the damage threshold (> 2.0 eV/atom) ablation occurs via removal ofintact graphite sheets.Comment: 5 pages RevTeX, 3 PostScript figures, submitted to Phys. Re

Theory for the Ultrafast Ablation of Graphite Films