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The nucleus 54Mn has been observed in cosmic rays. In astrophysicalenvironments it is fully stripped of its atomic electrons and its decay isdominated by the beta- branch to the 54Fe ground state. Application of 54Mnbased chronometer to study the confinement of the iron group cosmic raysrequires knowledge of the corresponding halflife, but its measurement isimpossible at the present time. However, the branching ratio for the relatedbeta+ decay of 54Mn was determined recently. We use the shell model with only aminimal truncation and calculate both beta+ and beta- decay rates of 54Mn. Goodagreement for the beta+ branch suggests that the calculated partial halflife ofthe beta- decay, (4.94 \pm 0.06) x 10^5 years, should be reliable. However,this halflife is noticeably shorter than the range 1-2 x 10^6 y indicated bythe fit based on the 54Mn abundance in cosmic rays. We also evaluate otherknown unique second forbidden beta decays from the nuclear p and sd shells(10Be, 22Na, and two decay branches of 26Al) and show that the shell model candescribe them with reasonable accuracy as well.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, 2 figure

physical review letters

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