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It is pointed out that the observed extremely high energy cosmic rays (EHECR)above $10^{11}$ GeV and the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU),both may have a common origin in baryon number violating decays of supermassive``X'' particles released from cosmic topological defects (TDs) such as cosmicstrings and monopoles. The X particles produced by TDs in the recent epochsproduce the EHECR, while the BAU is created by X particles released from TDsmainly in the very early Universe. In this scenario the EHECR is predicted tocontain baryons as well as antibaryons with a small asymmetry between the two.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, no figures, discussions and references added, other  minor changes, version to appear in Phys. Rev. Let

Cosmic Topological Defects, Highest Energy Cosmic Rays, and the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe