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An ordered monolayer of chemisorbed sulfur adatoms on a Mo(001) surface is imaged in air, by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. The p(2x 1) overlayer is observed, in agreement with lowenergy electron-diff'raction studies. The adsorption sites of the sulfur atoms on the molybdenum substrate are clarified, on the basis of the measured corrugation amplitudes. Atomic resolution has also been obtained in the barrier-height mode, by use of an ac synchronous detection, and with a better signal-to-noise ratio than in the constant-current (topographic) mode. PACS numbers: 61.16.Di, 68.35.Bs, 82.65.Jv The study of the geometric and electronic structure of surfaces at elevated pressures is of great importance to an understanding of the behavior and properties of real materials in catalysis, corrosion, passivation, and other areas of science and technology. Until recently, most surface-sensitive techniques have been restricted to ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) environments. The pressure gap of some 10 orders of magnitude makes it difficult to infer explanations of surface phenomena at high pressures from information obtained in UHV. The advent of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) ' has provided the opportunity to rectify this situation. Several studies carried out at atmospheric pressure have already demonstrated the capability of STM to image inert surfaces such as graphite, layered compounds, ' and recently

Atomic arrangement of sulfur adatoms on Mo(001) at atmospheric pressure: A scanning tunneling microscopy study