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Existing methods for the localization of light at the nanoscale use either astructure with negative permittivity, by exploiting subwavelength plasmonicresonances, or a dielectric structure with a high refractive index, whichreduces the wavelength. In this paper, we provide an alternative to these twomethods based on a modification of the modes of dielectric resonators by meansof an active medium. We show that an active medium can promote subwavelengthlight localization in the dielectric structure. We consider a dielectric layerof size substantially smaller than a half-wavelength of light in the dielectricmedium, and demonstrate that at a certain value of gain in the active medium,the phase change on reflection at the layer boundaries compensates for thechange in phase due to propagation over the layer. At this value of the gain,the gain-assisted mode forms, in which the phase shift during a round trip ofthe electromagnetic wave is zero. This gain-assisted mode exists only at apositive gain in the dielectric medium, and can be used to create dielectriclasers and sensors of subwavelength size.

Overcoming the diffraction limit on the size of dielectric resonators using an amplifying medium