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Gravitational waves (GWs) from inspiralling neutron stars afford us a uniqueopportunity to infer the as-of-yet unknown equation of state of cold hadronicmatter at supranuclear densities. During the inspiral, the dominant mattereffects are arise due to the star's response to their companion's tidal field,leaving a characteristic imprint in the emitted GW signal. This uniquesignature allows us to constrain the cold neutron star equation of state. At GWfrequencies above $\gtrsim 800$Hz, however, subdominant tidal effects known asdynamical tides become important. In this letter, we demonstrate thatneglecting dynamical tidal effects associated with the fundamental ($f$-) modeleads to large systematic biases in the measured tidal deformability of thestars and hence in the inferred neutron star equation of state. Importantly, wefind that $f$-mode dynamical tides will already be relevant for Advanced LIGO'sand Virgo's fifth observing run ($\sim 2025$) -- neglecting dynamical tides canlead to errors on the neutron radius of $\mathcal{O}(1{\rm km})$, with dramaticimplications for the measurement of the equation of state. Our resultsdemonstrate that the accurate modelling of subdominant tidal effects beyond theadiabatic limit will be crucial to perform accurate measurements of the neutronstar equation of state in upcoming GW observations.

Impact of Dynamical Tides on the Reconstruction of the Neutron Star Equation of State