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Heavy axion-like particles (ALPs), with masses up to a few 100 keV andcoupled with photons can be efficiently produced in stellar plasmas,contributing to a significant energy-loss. This argument has been applied tohelium burning stars in Globular Clusters (GCs) to obtain stringent bounds onthe ALP-photon coupling $g_{a\gamma}$. However, for sufficiently large valuesof the ALP mass and coupling to photons, one should expect a significantfraction of ALPs to decay inside the star. These ALPs do not contribute to theenergy loss but rather lead to an efficient energy transfer inside the star. Wepresent a new ballistic recipe that covers both the energy-loss andenergy-transfer regimes and we perform the first dedicated simulation of GCstars including the ALP energy transfer. This argument allows us to constrainALPs with $m_a \lesssim 0.4$ MeV and $g_{a\gamma} \simeq 10^{-5}$ GeV$^{-1}$,probing a section of the ALP parameter space informally known as "cosmologicaltriangle". This region is particularly interesting since it has been excludedonly using standard cosmological arguments that can be evaded in nonstandardscenarios.

Constraining heavy axion-like particles by energy deposition in Globular Cluster stars