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Confined active nematics exhibit rich dynamical behavior, includingspontaneous flows, periodic defect dynamics, and chaotic `active turbulence'.Here, we study these phenomena using the framework of Exact CoherentStructures, which has been successful in characterizing the routes to highReynolds number turbulence of passive fluids. Exact Coherent Structures arestationary, periodic, quasiperiodic, or traveling wave solutions of thehydrodynamic equations that, together with their invariant manifolds, serve asan organizing template of the dynamics. We compute the dominant Exact CoherentStructures and connecting orbits in a pre-turbulent active nematic channelflow, which enables a fully nonlinear but highly reduced order description interms of a directed graph. Using this reduced representation, we computeinstantaneous perturbations that switch the system between disparatespatiotemporal states occupying distant regions of the infinite dimensionalphase space. Our results lay the groundwork for a systematic means ofunderstanding and controlling active nematic flows in the moderate to highactivity regime.

Exact coherent structures and phase space geometry of pre-turbulent 2D active nematic channel flow