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Taylor expansion in powers of baryon chemical potential ($\mu_B$) is anoft-used method in lattice QCD to compute QCD thermodynamics for $\mu_B>0$.Based only upon the few known lowest order Taylor coefficients, it is difficultto discern the range of $\mu_B$ where such an expansion around $\mu_B=0$ can betrusted. We introduce a resummation scheme for the Taylor expansion of the QCDequation of state in $\mu_B$ that is based on the $n$-point correlationfunctions of the conserved current ($D_n$). The method resums the contributionsof the first $N$ correlation function $D_1,\dots,D_N$ to the Taylor expansionof the QCD partition function to all orders in $\mu_B$. We show that theresummed partition function is an approximation to the reweighted partitionfunction at $\mu_B\ne0$. We apply the proposed approach to high-statisticslattice QCD calculations using 2+1 flavors of Highly Improved Staggered Quarkswith physical quark masses on $32^3\times8$ lattices and for temperatures$T\approx145$-176 MeV. We demonstrate that, as opposed to the Taylor expansion,the resummed version not only leads to improved convergence but also reflectsthe zeros of the resummed partition function and severity of the sign problem,leading to its eventual breakdown. We also provide a generalization of ourscheme to include resummation of powers of temperature and quark masses inaddition to $\mu_B$, and show that the alternative expansion scheme of [S.Bors\'anyi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 232001 (2021).] is a special case ofthis generalized resummation.

Lattice QCD Equation of State for Nonvanishing Chemical Potential by Resumming Taylor Expansion