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Scattering immune propagation of light in topological photonic systems mayrevolutionarize the design of integrated photonic circuits for informationprocessing and communications. In optics, various photonic topological circuitshave been developed, which were based on classical emulation of either quantumspin Hall effect or quantum valley Hall effect. On the other hand, thecombination of both the valley and spin degrees of freedom can lead to a newkind of topological transport phenomenon, dubbed quantum spin valley Halleffect (QSVH), which can further expand the number of topologically protectededge channels and would be useful for information multiplexing. However, it ischallenging to realize QSVH in most known material platforms, due to therequirement of breaking both the (pseudo-)fermionic time-reversal (T) andparity symmetries (P) individually, but leaving the combined symmetry S=TPintact. Here, we propose an experimentally feasible platform to realize QSVHfor light, based on coupled ring resonators mediated by optical Kerrnonlinearity. Thanks to the inherent flexibility of cross-mode modulation(XMM), the coupling between the probe light can be engineered in a controllableway such that spin-dependent staggered sublattice potential emerges in theeffective Hamiltonian. With delicate yet experimentally feasible pumpconditions, we show the existence of spin valley Hall induced topological edgestates. We further demonstrate that both degrees of freedom, i.e., spin andvalley, can be manipulated simultaneously in a reconfigurable manner to realizespin-valley photonics, doubling the degrees of freedom for enhancing theinformation capacity in optical communication systems.

Optically reconfigurable quantum spin-valley Hall effect of light in coupled nonlinear ring resonator lattice