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Quantum effects in condensed matter normally only occur at low temperatures.Here we show a large quantum effect in high-pressure liquid hydrogen atthousands of Kelvins. We show that the metallization transition in hydrogen issubject to a very large isotope effect, occurring hundreds of degrees lowerthan the equivalent transition in deuterium. We examined this using pathintegral molecular dynamics simulations which identify a liquid-liquidtransition involving atomization, metallization, and changes in viscosity,specific heat and compressibility. The difference between H$_2$ and D$_2$ is aquantum mechanical effect which can be associated with the larger zero-pointenergy in H$_2$ weakening the covalent bond. Our results mean that experimentalresults on deuterium must be corrected before they are relevant tounderstanding hydrogen at planetary conditions.

Isotope quantum effects in the metallization transition in liquid hydrogen