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Oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in the control of the electronic,magnetic, ionic, and transport properties of functional oxide perovskites. Rareearth nickelates (RENiO$_{3-x}$) have emerged over the years as a rich platformto study the interplay between the lattice, the electronic structure, andordered magnetism. In this study, we investigate the evolution of theelectronic and magnetic structure in thin films of RENiO$_{3-x}$, using acombination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and imaging, resonant X-rayscattering, and extended multiplet ligand field theory modeling. We find thatoxygen vacancies modify the electronic configuration within the Ni-O orbitalmanifolds, leading to a dramatic evolution of long-range electronic transportpathways despite the absence of nanoscale phase separation. Remarkably,magnetism is robust to substantial levels of carrier doping, and only amoderate weakening of the $(1/4, 1/4, 1/4)_{pc}$ antiferromagnetic orderparameter is observed, whereas the magnetic transition temperature is largelyunchanged. Only at a certain point long-range magnetism is abruptly erasedwithout an accompanying structural transition. We propose the progressivedisruption of the 3D magnetic superexchange pathways upon introduction of pointdefects as the mechanism behind the sudden collapse of magnetic order inoxygen-deficient nickelates. Our work demonstrates that, unlike most otheroxides, ordered magnetism in RENiO$_{3-x}$ is mostly insensitive to carrierdoping. The sudden collapse of ordered magnetism upon oxygen removal mayprovide a new mechanism for solid-state magneto-ionic switching and newapplications in antiferromagnetic spintronics.

Sudden collapse of magnetic order in oxygen deficient nickelate films