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GW190521 is the compact binary with the largest masses observed to date, withat least one in the pair-instability gap. This event has also been claimed tobe associated with an optical flare observed by the Zwicky Transient Facilityin an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN), possibly due to the post-merger motion ofthe merger remnant in the AGN gaseous disk. We show that the LaserInterferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect up to ten of such gas-richblack hole binaries months to years before their detection by LIGO/Virgo-likeinterferometers, localizing them in the sky within $\approx1$ deg$^2$. LISAwill also measure directly deviations from purely vacuum and stationarywaveforms, arising from gas accretion, dynamical friction, and orbital motionaround the AGN's massive black hole (acceleration, strong lensing, and Dopplermodulation). LISA will therefore be crucial to alert and point electromagnetictelescopes ahead of time on this novel class of gas-rich sources, to gaindirect insight on their physics, and to disentangle environmental effects fromcorrections to General Relativity that may also appear in the waveforms at lowfrequencies.

Detectable environmental effects in GW190521-like black-hole binaries with LISA