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The mean-square charge radii of $^{207,208}$Hg ($Z=80, N=127,128$) have beenstudied for the first time and those of $^{202,203,206}$Hg ($N=122,123,126$)remeasured by the application of in-source resonance-ionization laserspectroscopy at ISOLDE (CERN). The characteristic \textit{kink} in the chargeradii at the $N=126$ neutron shell closure has been revealed, providing thefirst information on its behavior below the $Z=82$ proton shell closure. Atheoretical analysis has been performed within relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubovand non-relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approaches, considering both thenew mercury results and existing lead data. Contrary to previousinterpretations, it is demonstrated that both the kink at $N=126$ and theodd-even staggering (OES) in its vicinity can be described predominately at themean-field level, and that pairing does not need to play a crucial role intheir origin. A new OES mechanism is suggested, related to the staggering inthe occupation of the different neutron orbitals in odd- and even-$A$ nuclei,facilitated by particle-vibration coupling for odd-$A$ nuclei.

physical review letters

Laser spectroscopy of neutron-rich $^{207,208}$Hg isotopes: Illuminating  the kink and odd-even staggering in charge radii across the $N=126$ shell  closure