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In the cellular phenomena of cytoplasmic streaming, molecular motors carryingcargo along a network of microtubules entrain the surrounding fluid. Thepiconewton forces produced by individual motors are sufficient to deform longmicrotubules, as are the collective fluid flows generated by many movingmotors. Studies of streaming during oocyte development in the fruit fly$D.~melanogaster$ have shown a transition from a spatially-disorderedcytoskeleton, supporting flows with only short-ranged correlations, to anordered state with a cell-spanning vortical flow. To test the hypothesis thatthis transition is driven by fluid-structure interactions we study adiscrete-filament model and a coarse-grained continuum theory for motors movingon a deformable cytoskeleton, both of which are shown to exhibit a$swirling~instability$ to spontaneous large-scale rotational motion, asobserved.

Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton