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Field-orthogonal temporal mode analysis of optical fields is recentlydeveloped for a new framework of quantum information science. But so far, theexact profiles of the temporal modes are not known, which makes it difficult toachieve mode selection and de-multiplexing. Here, we report a novel method thatmeasures directly the exact form of the temporal modes. This in turn enables usto make mode-orthogonal homodyne detection with mode-matched local oscillators.We apply the method to a pulse-pumped, specially engineered fiber parametricamplifier and demonstrate temporally multiplexed multi-dimensional quantumentanglement of continuous variables in telecom wavelength. The temporal modecharacterization technique can be generalized to other pulse-excited systems tofind their eigen modes for multiplexing in temporal domain.

Direct temporal mode measurement for the characterization of temporally multiplexed high dimensional quantum entanglement in continuous variables