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The leading-twist parton distribution functions of the pion and kaon arecalculated for the first time using a rainbow-ladder truncation of QCD'sDyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs) that self-consistently sums all planardiagrams. The non-perturbative gluon dressing of the quarks is therebycorrectly accounted for, which in practice means solving the inhomogeneousBethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) for the quark operator that defines thespin-independent quark distribution functions. An immediate consequence ofusing this dressed vertex is that gluons carry 35% of the pion's and 30% of thekaon's light-cone momentum, with the remaining momentum carried by the quarks.The scale associated with these DSE results is $\mu_0 = 0.78\,$GeV. The gluoneffects generated by the inhomogeneous BSE are inherently non-perturbative andcannot be mimicked by the perturbative QCD evolution equations. A keyconsequence of this gluon dressing is that the valence quarks have reducedsupport at low-to-intermediate $x$, where the gluons dominate, and increasedsupport at large $x$. As a result, our DSE calculation of the pion's valencequark distribution is in excellent agreement with the Conway et al.pion-induced Drell-Yan data, but nevertheless exhibits the $q_\pi(x) \simeq(1-x)^2$ behavior as $x\to 1$ predicted by perturbative QCD.

Distinguishing Quarks and Gluons in Pion and Kaon PDFs