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Cooling quantum systems is arguably one of the most important thermodynamictasks connected to modern quantum technologies and an interesting question froma foundational perspective. It is thus of no surprise that many differenttheoretical cooling schemes have been proposed, differing in the assumedcontrol paradigm and complexity, and operating either in a single cycle or insteady state limits. Working out bounds on quantum cooling has since been ahighly context dependent task with multiple answers, with no general resultthat holds independent of assumptions. In this letter we derive a universalbound for cooling quantum systems in the limit of infinite cycles (or steadystate regimes) that is valid for any control paradigm and machine size. Thebound only depends on a single parameter of the refrigerator and istheoretically attainable in all control paradigms. For qubit targets we provethat this bound is achievable in a single cycle and by autonomous machines.

Unifying paradigms of quantum refrigeration: A universal and attainable bound on cooling