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In hierarchical models of structure formation, the first galaxies form inlow-mass dark matter potential wells, probing the behavior of dark matter onkiloparsec (kpc) scales. Even though these objects are below the detectionthreshold of current telescopes, future missions will open an observationalwindow into this emergent world. In this Letter we investigate how the firstgalaxies are assembled in a `fuzzy' dark matter (FDM) cosmology where darkmatter is an ultralight $\sim 10^{-22}$~eV boson and the primordial stars areexpected to form along dense dark matter filaments. Using a first-of-its-kindcosmological hydrodynamical simulation, we explore the interplay betweenbaryonic physics and unique wavelike features inherent to FDM. In oursimulation, the dark matter filaments show coherent interference patterns onthe boson de Broglie scale and develop cylindrical soliton-like cores which areunstable under gravity and collapse into kpc-scale spherical solitons. Featuresof the dark matter distribution are largely unaffected by the baryonicfeedback. On the contrary, the distributions of gas and stars, which do formalong the entire filament, exhibit central cores imprinted by dark matter -- asmoking gun signature of FDM.

First star-forming structures in fuzzy cosmic filaments