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Recent experiments with rotational diffusion of a probe in a vibratedgranular media revealed a rich scenario, ranging from the dilute gas to thedense liquid with cage effects and an unexpected superdiffusive behavior atlarge times. Here we setup a simulation that reproduces quantitatively theexperimental observations and allows us to investigate the properties of thehost granular medium, a task not feasible in the experiment. We discover apersistent collective rotational mode which emerges at high density and lowgranular temperature: a macroscopic fraction of the medium slowly rotates,randomly switching direction after very long times. Such a rotational mode ofthe host medium is the origin of probe's superdiffusion. Collective motion isaccompanied by a kind of dynamical heterogeneity at intermediate times (in thecage stage) followed by a strong reduction of fluctuations at late times, whensuperdiffusion sets in.

Dynamical collective memory in fluidized granular materials