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Plasma-based accelerators have made impressive progress in recent years.However, the beam energy spread obtained in these accelerators is still at ~ 1% level, nearly one order of magnitude larger than what is needed forchallenging applications like coherent light sources or colliders. In plasmaaccelerators, the beam energy spread is mainly dominated by its energy chirp(longitudinally correlated energy spread). Here we demonstrate that when aninitially chirped electron beam from a linac with a proper current profile issent through a low-density plasma structure, the self wake of the beam cansignificantly reduce its energy chirp and the overall energy spread. Theresolution-limited energy spectrum measurements show at least a threefoldreduction of the beam energy spread from 1.28 % to 0.41 % FWHM with adechirping strength of ~ 1 (MV/m)/(mm pC). Refined time-resolved phase spacemeasurements, combined with high-fidelity three-dimensional particle-in-cellsimulations, further indicate the real energy spread after the dechirper isonly about 0.13 % (FWHM), a factor of 10 reduction of the initial energyspread.

Phase space dynamics of a plasma wakefield dechirper for energy spread reduction