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In this paper, we present the analysis and results of a direct measurement ofthe cosmic-ray proton spectrum with the CALET instrument onboard theInternational Space Station, including the detailed assessment of systematicuncertainties. The observation period used in this analysis is from October 13,2015 to August 31, 2018 (1054 days). We have achieved the very wide energyrange necessary to carry out measurements of the spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeVcovering, for the first time in space, with a single instrument the wholeenergy interval previously investigated in most cases in separate subranges bymagnetic spectrometers (BESS-TeV, PAMELA, and AMS-02) and calorimetricinstruments (ATIC, CREAM, and NUCLEON). The observed spectrum is consistentwith AMS-02 but extends to nearly an order of magnitude higher energy, showinga very smooth transition of the power-law spectral index from -2.81 +- 0.03(50--500 GeV) neglecting solar modulation effects (or -2.87 +- 0.06 includingsolar modulation effects in the lower energy region) to -2.56 +- 0.04 (1--10TeV), thereby confirming the existence of spectral hardening and providingevidence of a deviation from a single power law by more than 3 sigma.

physical review letters

Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from 50 GeV to 10  TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space  Station