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The hexatic fluid refers to a phase in between a solid and a liquid which hasshort range positional order but quasi-long range orientational order. In thecelebrated theory of Berezinskii, Kosterlitz and Thouless and subsequentlyrefined by Halperin, Nelson and Young, it was predicted that a 2-dimensionalhexagonal solid can melt in two steps: first, through a transformation from asolid to a hexatic fluid which retains quasi long range orientational order andthen from a hexatic fluid to an isotropic liquid. In this paper, using acombination of real space imaging and transport measurements we show that the2-dimensional vortex lattice in a-MoGe thin film follows this sequence ofmelting as the magnetic field is increased. Identifying the signatures ofvarious transitions on the bulk transport properties of the superconductor, weconstruct a vortex phase diagram for a two dimensional superconductor.

Melting of the vortex lattice through intermediate hexatic fluid in a-MoGe thin film