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On August 22, 2014, the satellites GSAT-0201 and GSAT-0202 of the EuropeanGNSS Galileo were unintentionally launched into eccentric orbits. Unexpectedly,this has become a fortunate scientific opportunity since the onboard hydrogenmasers allow for a sensitive test of the redshift predicted by the theory ofgeneral relativity. In the present Letter we describe an analysis ofapproximately three years of data from these satellites including threedifferent clocks. For one of these we determine the test parameter quantifyinga potential violation of the combined effects of the gravitational redshift andthe relativistic Doppler shift. The uncertainty of our result is reduced bymore than a factor 4 as compared to the values of Gravity Probe A obtained in1976.

Test of the Gravitational Redshift with Galileo Satellites in an Eccentric Orbit