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Continuously pumped passive nonlinear cavities can be harnessed for thecreation of novel optical frequency combs. While most research has focused onthird-order "Kerr" nonlinear interactions, recent studies have shown thatfrequency comb formation can also occur via second-order nonlinear effects.Here, we report on the formation of quadratic combs in optical parametricoscillator (OPO) configurations. Specifically, we demonstrate that opticalfrequency combs can be generated in the parametric region around half of thepump frequency in a continuously-driven OPO. We also model the OPO dynamicsthrough a single time-domain mean-field equation, identifying previouslyunknown dynamical regimes, induced by modulation instabilities, which lead tocomb formation. Numerical simulation results are in good agreement withexperimentally observed spectra. Moreover, the analysis of the coherenceproperties of the simulated spectra shows the existence of correlated andphase-locked combs. Our results reveal previously unnoticed dynamics of anapparently well assessed optical system, and can lead to a new class offrequency comb sources that may stimulate novel applications by enablingstraightforward access to elusive spectral regions, such as the mid-infrared.

Modulation Instability Induced Frequency Comb Generation in a Continuously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator