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Topological insulators are promising candidates for optically driven spintronic devices, because photoexcitation of spin polarized surface states is governed by angular momentum selection rules. We carry out femtosecond midinfrared spectroscopy on thin films of the topological insulator Bi_{2}Te_{2}Se, which has a higher surface state conductivity compared to conventionally studied Bi_{2}Se_{3} and Bi_{2}Te_{3}. Both charge and spin dynamics are probed utilizing circularly polarized light. With a sub-band-gap excitation, clear helicity-dependent dynamics is observed only in thin (<20  nm) flakes. On the other hand, such dependence is observed for both thin and thick flakes with above-band-gap excitation. The helicity dependence is attributed to asymmetric excitation of the Dirac-like surface states. The observed long-lasting asymmetry over 10 ps even at room temperature indicates low backscattering of surface state carriers which can be exploited for spintronic devices.

physical review letters

Ultrafast Surface State Spin-Carrier Dynamics in the Topological Insulator <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Bi</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Te</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi>Se</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>

Ultrafast Surface State Spin-Carrier Dynamics in the Topological Insulator Bi2Te2Se