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THz radiation promises breakthrough advances in compact advanced acceleratorsdue to the high frequency and GV/m fields achievable, orders of magnitudelarger than in conventional radiofrequency (RF) based accelerators. Compared tolaser-driven schemes, the large phase acceptances of THz-driven acceleratorsare advantageous for operation with sizable charge. Despite burgeoningresearch, THz sources, particularly laser-based ones, cannot yet compete withthe efficiency of RF amplifiers for high average current accelerators.Nevertheless, THz-based phase space manipulation is of immediate interest for avariety of applications, including generation and diagnostics of ultrashortbunches for electron diffraction/microscopy and compact free-electron laserapplications.  The challenge of maintaining overlap and synchronism between an electron beamand short laser-generated THz pulse has so far limited interactions to the fewmm scale. We discuss a novel scheme for simultaneous group and phase velocitymatching of nearly single-cycle THz radiation with a relativistic electron beamfor meter-scale interaction. We demonstrate energy modulations of up to 150 keVusing modest THz pulse energies (up to 1 uJ). We apply this large and efficientenergy exchange for beam compression and time-stamping of a relativistic beam,paving the way towards realizing the unique opportunities enabled bylaser-based THz accelerators.

Relativistic electron beam acceleration in a zero-slippage terahertz-driven Inverse Free Electron Laser scheme