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We study experimentally and theoretically discrete solitons in crystallinestructures consisting of several tens of laser-cooled ions confined in aradiofrequency trap. Resonantly exciting localized, spectrally gappedvibrational modes of the soliton, a nonlinear mechanism leads to anonequilibrium steady state of the continuously cooled crystal. We find thatthe propagation and the escape of the soliton out of its aquasi-one-dimensional channel can be described as a thermal activationmechanism. We control the effective temperature of the soliton's collectivecoordinate by the amplitude of the external excitation. Furthermore, the globaltrapping potential permits controlling the soliton dynamics and realizingdirected transport depending on its topological charge.

Spectroscopy and Directed Transport of Topological Solitons in Crystals of Trapped Ions