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It is shown that the work fluctuations and work distribution functions arefundamentally different in systems with short-range versus long-rangecorrelations. The two cases considered with long- range correlations aremagnetic work fluctuations in an equilibrium isotropic ferromagnet, and workfluctuations in a non-equilibrium fluid with a temperature gradient. Thelong-range correlations in the former case are due to equilibrium Goldstonemodes, while in the latter they are due to generic non-equilibrium effects. Themagnetic case is of particular interest since an external magnetic field can beused to tune the system from one with long-range correlations, to one with onlyshort- range correlations. It is shown that in systems with long-rangecorrelations the work distribution is extraordinarily broad compared to systemswith only short-range correlations. Surprisingly these results imply thatfluctuations theorems such as the Jarzynski fluctuation theorem are more usefulin systems with long-range correlations than in systems with short-rangecorrelations.

Contrasting work fluctuations and distributions in systems with short-range and long-range correlations