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We report on electrostatic measurements made on board the European SpaceAgency mission LISA Pathfinder. Detailed measurements of the charge-inducedelectrostatic forces exerted on free-falling test masses (TMs) inside thecapacitive gravitational reference sensor are the first made in a relevantenvironment for a space-based gravitational wave detector. Employing acombination of charge control and electric-field compensation, we show that thelevel of charge-induced acceleration noise on a single TM can be maintained ata level close to 1.0 fm/s^2/sqrt(Hz) across the 0.1-100 mHz frequency band thatis crucial to an observatory such as LISA. Using dedicated measurements thatdetect these effects in the differential acceleration between the two testmasses, we resolve the stochastic nature of the TM charge build up due tointerplanetary cosmic rays and the TM charge-to-force coupling through strayelectric fields in the sensor. All our measurements are in good agreement withpredictions based on a relatively simple electrostatic model of the LISAPathfinder instrument.

Charge-induced force-noise on free-falling test masses: results from LISA Pathfinder