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Transposable elements, or transposons, are DNA sequences that can jump fromsite to site in the genome during the life cycle of a cell, usually encodingthe very enzymes which perform their excision. However, some transposons areparasitic, relying on the enzymes produced by the regular transposons. In thiscase, we show that a stochastic model, which takes into account the small copynumbers of the transposons in a cell, predicts noise-induced predator-preyoscillations with a characteristic time scale that is much longer than the cellreplication time, indicating that the state of the predator-prey oscillator isstored in the genome and transmitted to successive generations. Our workdemonstrates the important role of number fluctuations in the expression ofmobile genetic elements, and shows explicitly how ecological concepts can beapplied to the dynamics and fluctuations of living genomes.

Stochastic predator-prey dynamics of transposons in the human genome