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We have systematically studied the nematic fluctuations in the electron-dopediron-based superconductor BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_x$As$_2$ by measuring the in-planeresistance change under uniaxial pressure. While the nematic quantum criticalpoint can be identified through the measurements along the (110) direction asstudied previously, quantum and thermal critical fluctuations cannot bedistinguished due to similar Curie-Weiss-like behaviors. Here we find that asizable pressure-dependent resistivity along the (100) direction is present inall doping levels, which is against the simple picture of an Ising-type nematicmodel. The signal along the (100) direction becomes maximum at optimal doping,suggesting that it is associated with nematic quantum critical fluctuations.Our results indicate that thermal fluctuations from striped antiferromagneticorder dominate the underdoped regime along the (110) direction. We argue thateither there is a strong coupling between the quantum critical fluctuations andthe fermions, or more exotically, a higher symmetry may be present aroundoptimal doping.

Nematic Quantum Critical Fluctuations in BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_x$As$_2$