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It has been recently predicted theoretically that due to nuclear motion lightand heavy hydrogen molecules exposed to strong electric field should exhibitsubstantially different tunneling ionization rates (O.I. Tolstikhin, H.J.Worner and T. Morishita, Phys. Rev. A 87, 041401(R) (2013) [1]). We studiedthat isotope effect experimentally by measuring relative ionization yields foreach species in a mixed H2/D2 gas jet interacting with intense femtosecondlaser pulses. In a reaction microscope apparatus we detected ionic fragmentsfrom all contributing channels (single ionization, dissociation, and sequentialdouble ionization) and determined the ratio of total single ionization yieldsfor H2 and D2. The measured ratio agrees quantitatively with the prediction ofthe generalized weak-field asymptotic theory in an apparent failure of thefrozen-nuclei approximation.

Isotope effect in tunnelling ionization of neutral hydrogen molecules