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Two-dimensional (2D) atom lattices provide model setups for Coulombcorrelations inducing competing ground states, partly with topologicalcharacter. Hexagonal SiC(0001) is an intriguing wide-gap substrate,spectroscopically separated from the overlayer and hence reduced screening. Wereport the first study of an artificial high-Z atom lattice on SiC(0001) by Snadatoms, based on combined experimental realization and theoretical modeling.Density-functional theory of our $\sqrt{3}$-structure model closely reproducesthe scanning tunneling microscopy. Instead of metallic behavior, photoemissiondata show a deeply gapped state (~2 eV gap). Based on our calculationsincluding dynamic mean-field theory, we argue that this reflects a pronouncedMott insulating scenario. We also find indications that the system issusceptible to antiferromagnetic superstructures. Such spin-orbit-coupledcorrelated heavy atom lattices on SiC(0001) thus form a novel testbed forpeculiar quantum states of matter, with potential bearing for spin liquids andtopological Mott insulators.

Triangular Spin-Orbit-Coupled Lattice with Strong Coulomb Correlations: Sn Atoms on a SiC(0001) Substrate