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The prospective of optically inducing a spin polarized current for spintronicdevices has generated a vast interest in the out-of-equilibrium electronic andspin structure of topological insulators (TIs). In this Letter we prove thatonly by measuring the spin intensity signal over several order of magnitude inspin, time and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (STAR-PES) experimentsis it possible to comprehensively describe the optically excited electronicstates in TIs materials. The experiments performed on $\mathrm{Bi_{2}Se_{3}}$reveal the existence of a Surface-Resonance-State in the 2nd bulk band gapinterpreted on the basis of fully relativistic ab-initio spin resolvedphotoemission calculations. Remarkably, the spin dependent relaxation of thehot carriers is well reproduced by a spin dynamics model considering twonon-interacting electronic systems, derived from the excited surface and bulkstates, with different electronic temperatures.

Momentum resolved spin dynamics of bulk and surface excited states in the topological insulator $\mathrm{Bi_{2}Se_{3}}$