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We present a novel method for probing the alignment of the molecular axis ofan ultracold, nonpolar dimer. These results are obtained using diatomic$^{87}\textrm{Rb}_2$ molecules in the vibrational ground state of the lowesttriplet potential $a^3\Sigma_u^+$ trapped in a 3D optical lattice. We measurethe molecular polarizabilities, which are directly linked to the alignment,along each of the $x$, $y$, and $z$ directions of the lab coordinate system. Bypreparing the molecules in various, precisely defined rotational quantum stateswe can control the degree of alignment of the molecular axis with highprecision over a large range. Furthermore, we derive the dynamicalpolarizabilities for a laser wavelength of $1064.5\:\textrm{nm}$ parallel andorthogonal to the molecular axis of the dimer, $\alpha_\parallel=(8.9 \pm0.9)\times10^3\:\textrm{a.u.}$ and $\alpha_\perp=(0.9 \pm0.4)\times10^3\:\textrm{a.u.}$, respectively. Our findings highlight that thedepth of an optical lattice strongly depends on the rotational state of themolecule which has to be considered in collision experiments. The present workpaves the way for reaction studies between aligned molecules in the ultracoldtemperature regime.

Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized $\textrm{Rb}_2$ molecule