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We evaluate the feasibility of using magnetic-dipole (M1) transitions inhighly-charged ions as a basis of an optical atomic clockwork of exceptionalaccuracy. We consider a range of possibilities, including M1 transitionsbetween clock levels of the same fine-structure and hyperfine-structuremanifolds. In highly charged ions these transitions lie in the optical part ofthe spectra and can be probed with lasers. The most direct advantage of ourproposal comes from the low degeneracy of clock levels and the simplicity ofatomic structure in combination with negligible quadrupolar shift. Wedemonstrate that such clocks can have projected fractional accuracies below the$10^{-20}-10^{-21}$ level for all common systematic effects, such as black-bodyradiation, Zeeman, AC-Stark and quadrupolar shifts. Notice thatusually-employed hyperfine clock transitions lie in the microwave spectralregion. Our proposal moves such transitions to the optical domain. As thehyperfine transition frequencies depend on the fine-structure constant,electron-to-proton mass ratio, and nuclear magnetic moment, our proposalexpands the range of experimental schemes for probing space and time variationsof fundamental constants.

Magnetic-dipole transitions in highly-charged ions as a basis of ultra-precise optical clocks