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Terahertz near fields of gold metamaterials resonant at a frequency of$0.88\,\rm THz$ allow us to enter an extreme limit of non-perturbativeultrafast THz electronics: Fields reaching a ponderomotive energy in the keVrange are exploited to drive nondestructive, quasi-static interband tunnelingand impact ionization in undoped bulk GaAs, injecting electron-hole plasmaswith densities in excess of $10^{19}\,\rm cm^{-3}$. This process causes brightluminescence at energies up to $0.5\,\rm eV$ above the band gap and induces acomplete switch-off of the metamaterial resonance accompanied by self-amplitudemodulation of transmitted few-cycle THz transients. Our results pave the waytowards highly nonlinear THz optics and optoelectronic nanocircuitry withsub-picosecond switching times.

Extremely Nonperturbative Nonlinearities in GaAs Driven by Atomically Strong Terahertz Fields in Gold Metamaterials