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We present a paradigm in constructing very stable, faceted nanotube andfullerene structures by laterally joining nanoribbons or patches of differentplanar phosphorene phases. Our ab initio density functional calculationsindicate that these phases may form very stable, non-planar joints. Unlikefullerenes and nanotubes obtained by deforming a single-phase planar monolayerat substantial energy penalty, we find faceted fullerenes and nanotubes to benearly as stable as the planar single-phase monolayers. The resulting richvariety of polymorphs allows to tune the electronic properties of phosphorenenanotubes (PNTs) and fullerenes not only by the chiral index, but also by thecombination of different phosphorene phases. In selected PNTs, ametal-insulator transition may be induced by strain or changing the number ofwalls.

High stability of faceted nanotubes and fullerenes of multi-phase layered phosphorus: A computational study