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At low temperature the photoluminescence of single-wall carbon nanotubes showa large variety of spectral profiles ranging from ultra narrow lines insuspended nanotubes to broad and asymmetrical line-shapes that puzzle thecurrent interpretation in terms of exciton-phonon coupling. Here, we present acomplete set of photoluminescence profiles in matrix embedded nanotubesincluding unprecedented narrow emission lines. We demonstrate that thediversity of the low-temperature luminescence profiles in nanotubes originatesin tiny modifications of their low-energy acoustic phonon modes. When lowenergy modes are locally suppressed, a sharp photoluminescence line as narrowas 0.7 meV is restored. Furthermore, multi-peak luminescence profiles withspecific temperature dependence show the presence of confined phonon modes.

Unifying the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of carbon nanotubes: the role of acoustic phonon confinement