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A drop of water deposited on a cold plate freezes into an ice drop with apointy tip. While this phenomenon clearly finds its origin in the expansion ofwater upon freezing, a quantitative description of the tip singularity hasremained elusive. Here we demonstrate how the geometry of the freezing front,determined by heat transfer considerations, is crucial for the tip formation.We perform systematic measurements of the angles of the conical tip, and revealthe dynamics of the solidification front in a Hele-Shaw geometry. It is foundthat the cone angle is independent of substrate temperature and wetting angle,suggesting a universal, self-similar mechanism that does not depend on the rateof solidification. We propose a model for the freezing front and deriveresulting tip angles analytically, in good agreement with observations.

Universality of Tip Singularity Formation in Freezing Water Drops