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Observations of flowing granular matter have suggested that same-materialtribocharging de- pends on particle size, rendering large grains positive andsmall ones negative. Models assuming the transfer of trapped electrons canexplain this, but so far have not been validated. Tracking individual grains inan electric field, we show quantitatively that charge is transferred based onsize between materially identical grains. However, the surface density oftrapped electrons, measured independently by thermoluminescence techniques, isorders of magnitude too small to account for the scale of charge transferred.This suggests that another negatively charged species, such as ions, isresponsible.

Size-dependent same-material tribocharging in insulating grains